Extended Runtime Battery

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Assessing the ideal battery for your development project

Oftentimes, we hear about new battery technologies that offer increased density, provide thousands of charge cycles, and are substantially cheaper and lower cost. Could this be possible?  Most definitely, but not in just one battery. One battery type could be developed for compact size and extended runtime, but this pack will probably wear out prematurely and not stand the test of longevity. Generally, large batteries offer superior lifespan. In order to combine lifespan and compact size, generally cost becomes prohibitive.

Battery companies, such as batteryjam.info, are aware of specific customer needs and have responded by offering battery packs that are best suited for specific applications, such as solid state electronics or electric vehicles. The laptop and mobile computer  industry is an example of ingenius  adaptation. These batteries require small size, high energy density, low price and repeatedly charge / discharge cycling.

Just because a battery is inscribed with NiMH on a battery pack does not guarantee high energy density. Some Nickel-Metal Hydride batteries for a mobile phone, for example, are made for low weight and small dimensions. Such a pack provides an energy density of about 50Wh/kg and the cycle count is around 350. By comparison, a cylindrical NiMH battery offers a much higher energy densities of 90Wh/kg and above. The cycle count of this battery is considered moderate to low. In order to get a high durability NiMH batteries, which can tolerate over 1000 discharges, are usually packaged in large cylindrical cells. The energy density of these large cylindrical cells average about 75Wh/kg.

Trade offs also exist in lithium-based battery cells. Li ion packs are produced for defense applications that far exceed the energy density of the commercial equivalent. These ultra-high capacity lithium ion batteries are considered unsafe for the general public, and the excessive makes them impractical for the commercial market.

In order to fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of commercial battery cells, the designer must fully understand each battery type, and the consumer requirements for the end product. Miracle batteries, such as those that exist only in controlled laboratory environments,should not be considered in practical real world applications. The engineer must scrutinize batteries in terms of energy density, as well as the expected number of charge / discharge cycles, the loading characteristics, the maintenance regiment, and the self-discharge and operating costs. NiCd remains a gold standard against which all other batteries are compared.  A developer should use the NiCd battery as the starting benchmark when beginning the R&D process.

About the Author

Mike Roe currently resides in Colorado, where he wears white socks, Birkenstocks, and studies batteries.

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Can I extend the runtime of my laptop battery? ?

You can dim your screen a bit more and turn off your WiFi connection if you aren't using it.

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